Carbon peak and its mitigation implications for China in the post-pandemic era.

China's carbon peak greatly impacts global climate targets. Limited studies have comprehensively analyzed the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, changing emission network, and recent carbon intensity (CI) reduction on the carbon peak and the corresponding mitigation implications. Using a unique dataset at different levels, we project China's CO2 emission by 2035 and analyze the time, volume, driver patterns, complex emission network, and policy implications of China's carbon peak in the post- pandemic era. We develop an ensemble time-series model with machine learning approaches as the projection benchmark, and show that China's carbon peak will be achieved by 2021-2026 with > 80% probability. Most Chinese cities and counties have not achieved carbon peaks response to the priority-peak policy and the current implementation of CI reduction should thus be strengthened. While there is a "trade off" between the application of carbon emission reduction technology and economic recovery in the post-pandemic era, a close cooperation of interprovincial CO2 emission is also warranted.

Assessing Impacts of New Subway Stations on Urban Thefts in the Surrounding Areas

Whether newly implemented public transit stations influence the nearby crime pattern has been debated for years. In ZG City, China, 2 new subway lines and 20 new stations were implemented in 2017. This intervention allows us to test the plausible relationship between new public transit stations and thefts in the surrounding areas. We use the difference-in-differences (DID) model to assess the theft in the treatment and control areas before and after the implementation of the new stations, with necessary socioeconomic and land-use variables and time from the addition of the station being controlled. We also explicitly examine the impacts of the proximity of the stations and the Spring Festival on theft. The results suggest the following: (1) theft around the new subway stations significantly increases after the stations’ implementation, while the control area does not see much change in thefts;(2) proximity between the neighboring stations’ increases thefts;and (3) theft near the new stations significantly decreases during the month of the Spring Festival. This study contributes to the literature on the relationship between the subway system and crime, especially from a Chinese perspective. The finding of the research can bring insights to urban transit planning, allocation of the police force, and crime prevention.

Bordetella avium-associated endophthalmitis: case report.

BACKGROUND: Bordetella avium, an aerobic bacterium that rarely causes infection in humans, is a species of Bordetella that generally inhabits the respiratory tracts of turkeys and other birds. It causes a highly contagious bordetellosis. Few reports describe B. avium as a causative agent of eye-related infections. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of acute infectious endophthalmitis associated with infection by B. avium after open trauma. After emergency vitrectomy and subsequent broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, the infection was controlled successfully, and the patient's vision improved. CONCLUSIONS: B. avium can cause infection in the human eye, which can manifest as acute purulent endophthalmitis. Nanopore targeted sequencing technology can quickly identify this organism. Emergency vitrectomy combined with lens removal and silicone oil tamponade and the early application of broad-spectrum antibiotics are key for successful treatment.

Drivers and trajectories of China's renewable energy consumption.

Renewable energy is significant for addressing climate change and energy security. This study focused on the drivers of China's renewable energy consumption (REC) by an extended production-theoretical decomposition analysis and emphasized REC technical efficiency and technological change in 28 provinces during 1997-2017. We then projected China's REC to 2030 based on nine scenarios using a Monte Carlo simulation approach and specifically considering the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the national economy. The decomposition results showed that economic growth and population scale generally contributed to an increase in REC at national and provincial levels over the period while the overall technical efficiency and technological change in REC played limited roles in prompting REC nationally. The projection results indicated that the target that generates 50% of its electricity from renewable energy sources for China, could be achieved by 2030 if enough actions are taken to accelerate renewable energy development. Finally, we provided policy proposals that support our findings.

Social media effectiveness as a humanitarian response to mitigate influenza epidemic and COVID-19 pandemic.

Influenza and COVID-19 are infectious diseases with significant burdens. Information and awareness on preventative techniques can be spread through the use of social media, which has become an increasingly utilized tool in recent years. This study developed a dynamic transmission model to investigate the impact of social media, particularly tweets via the social networking platform, Twitter on the number of influenza and COVID-19 cases of infection and deaths. We modified the traditional Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR-V) model with an additional social media component, in order to increase the accuracy of transmission dynamics and gain insight on whether social media is a beneficial behavioral intervention for these infectious diseases. The analysis found that social media has a positive effect in mitigating the spread of contagious disease in terms of peak time, peak magnitude, total infected, and total death; and the results also showed that social media's effect has a non-linear relationship with the reproduction number R 0 and it will be amplified when a vaccine is available. The findings indicate that social media is an integral part in the humanitarian logistics of pandemic and emergency preparedness, and contributes to the literature by informing best practices in the response to similar disasters.

Interaction determinants and projections of China’s energy consumption: 1997–2030

This study aims to provide a framework quantifying the interactions between drivers in determining energy consumption (EC) under different decomposition approaches and reduce the uncertainty of EC projection. Based on a new generalized complete decomposition framework, we propose a bootstrap two-step decomposition approach by combining logarithmic mean Divisia index with production-theoretical decomposition analysis and bootstrap technique rectifying the efficiency bias, further decomposing the drivers of EC, energy intensity (EI) and economic scale (SC), into twelve interaction determinants. We compare the projection results of EC to 2030 using the time -series models and scenario analysis with Monte Carlo simulation and fully considering the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy. We examine the determinants of changes in EC for 30 Chinese provinces over 1997–2017. We show that the impact of potential economic development (PEDE) on SC and the impact of potential energy intensity (PEIE) on EI are main drivers contributing to the increase in energy consumption, while the impact of PEDE on EI, the impact of PEIE on SC and the impact of economic development technological change on SC are the major negative factors for most provinces over the period. We also confirm that scenario model may be more suitable for EC projection than that of time-series models especially in the case of social emergency such as the pandemic. We suggest the stockholders could establish an improved energy efficiency accounting system for monitoring and tracking energy performance based on the linked drivers.

Healthy neonate born to a SARS-CoV-2 infected woman: A case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly discovered coronavirus that has generated a worldwide outbreak of infections. Many people with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) have developed severe illness, and a significant number have died. However, little is known regarding infection by the novel virus in pregnant women. We herein present a case of COVID-19 confirmed in a woman delivering a neonate who was negative for SARS-CoV-2 and related it to a review of the literature on pregnant women and human coronavirus infections. CASE SUMMARY: The patient was a 36-year-old pregnant woman in her third trimester who had developed progressive clinical symptoms when she was confirmed as infected with SARS-CoV-2. Given the potential risks for both the pregnant woman and the fetus, an emergency cesarean section was performed, and the baby and his mother were separately quarantined and cared for. As a result, the baby currently shows no signs of SARS-CoV-2 infection (his lower respiratory tract samples were negative for the virus), while the mother completely recovered from COVID-19. CONCLUSION: Although we presented a single case, the successful result is of great significance for pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection and with respect to fully understanding novel coronavirus pneumonia.